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National Council of Resistance of Iran
The National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI), founded in 1981 in France, is one of the two parliament in exile of the "Iranian Resistance" (the other being National Council of Iran), and is a political umbrella coalition of five Iranian opposition political organizations, the largest organization being the People's Mujahedin of Iran (MEK).〔(About the National Council of Resistance of Iran ), NCRI website, accessed October 25, 2012.〕
The President-elect of the NCRI is Maryam Rajavi, currently living in exile in Paris. The NCRI has been a controversial subject for economical-political exchange dialogues between the Iranian government, the European Union, and the United States on several occasions, but more recently has received support from politicians including Newt Gingrich, Rudy Giuliani, Howard Dean and John Bolton.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://rt.com/usa/office-state-ncri-iran-719/ )〕 The European Union, Canada and the United States had formerly listed the major group inside the NCRI, the MEK, as a terrorist organization, but this designation has since been lifted under the weight of revelation of a history of improper accusations, first by the Council of the European Union in January 26, 2009, then by a decision by U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton〔http://www.nytimes.com/2012/09/22/world/middleeast/iranian-opposition-group-mek-wins-removal-from-us-terrorist-list.html〕 on September 21, 2012 and lastly by a decision by the Canadian government on December 20, 2012.
On 20 February 2008, in a press conference in Brussels, NCRI claimed the existence of a clandestine nuclear site in Tehran.〔http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2008/02/20/europe/EU-GEN-Belgium-Iran-Nuclear.php〕〔http://www.arabianbusiness.com/511852-iran-still-building-warheads-say-dissidents?ln=en〕
==History==
The NCRI was originally formed by MEK head Massoud Rajavi and former president of Iran Abolhassan Banisadr, who were joined by National Democratic Front and Kurdistan Democratic Party of Iran. Some time later the "violent pro-Iraq activities in the Iran-Iraq War caused the NDF and Banisadr to withdraw" from the NCRI.〔Keddie, ''Modern Iran'', (2006), p.253)〕 Before the election of Maryam Rajavi, the NCRI was chaired by Massoud Rajavi. He has not made any public appearances since the 2003 invasion of Iraq, however statements from him are regularly quoted by Maryam Rajavi, and the NCRI reports that the "Iranian regime .. has employed known and unknown agents ... to conspire against the MEK and the NCRI and especially to target the leader of the resistance, Mr. Massoud Rajavi".〔"Declaration of Convention of Iranian Communities for Democracy", February 8, 2014, point 9 "http://www.ncr-iran.org/en/news/iran-resistance/15941-declaration-of-convention-of-iranian-communities-for-democracy〕 Since 2004, the MEK has been considered by the US as “noncombatants” and “protected persons” under the Geneva Conventions. Evidence demonstrated that the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS) carried out plots against the Iranian Resistance and the democratic opponents by sending agents to France where the NCRI resides.〔"Iranian regime agents dispatched to France to carry out plots", January 15, 2013 http://www.ncr-iran.org/en/ncri-statements/terrorism-fundamentalism/12687-iranian-regime-agents-dispatched-to-fr〕 In 2013, the NCRI opened an office in Washington, DC.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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